Troubleshooting
Why DNS changes lag, how TTL affects rollout, and how to verify TXT records globally.
Time-to-live defines how long resolvers cache answers. Lower TTL before large migrations if your DNS provider allows controlled updates.
Use resolver tools that query authoritative servers and public caches—single-machine dig results can be misleading during propagation.
Major receivers may cache longer than your nominal TTL during incidents—plan overlapping validation windows.
DMARC can pass while folders still filter mail—check reputation, content signals, and mailbox-specific filters.
Why multiple SPF TXT strings break validation and how to merge includes into a single record.
TXT and CNAME entries for SPF, DKIM, and DMARC when Cloudflare proxies email-related names correctly.
Common causes of SMTP auth failures for application mail—credentials, ports, TLS, and provider policies.
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